Facilities handling solid waste and wastewater expose concrete to some of the harshest conditions in the built environment—constant scraping and impact from heavy equipment, wet/dry cycling, and contact with aggressive liquids and solids. Floors, sumps, channels, and containment structures must perform under relentless mechanical and chemical stress while operations run with limited downtime.
Traditional concrete can deteriorate quickly. Abrasion removes paste and fines; permeability allows moisture and ions to move inward; and chemical mechanisms—including biogenic sulfuric acid attack in wastewater environments—break down cementitious phases, leading to scaling, softening, cracking, and early replacement.
